Shaken but not Stirred:
Or
The Blended Bond
How the James Bond films
fit into the WNU

By Dennis E. Power



 

From Russia with Love

June-August 1955

Although Dr. No was the first James Bond film, since we are putting the films in a chronological order in context with James Bond’s career the first film which directly deals with the career of James Bond, 007 was From Russia,With Love.

THE NOVEL AND THE FILM An analytic synopsis of the novel and the film

THE BLENDED BOND: A Recreation Of The True Events

 

POST MISSION BRIEFING

 

THE NOVEL and THE FILM

An analytic synopsis of the novel and the film

Since this film version is generally faithful to the novel, the major differences that exist in the film version will be shown in <film version>

The novel starts out telling the story of Donovan “Red” Grant, the Chief Executioner for the Soviet counter-espionage agency known as SMERSH. Donovan Grant was result of a casual encounter between a German weightlifter known as the Mighty Donovan and an Irish shopgirl who had attended the circus where Grant was performing as a weightlifter. The Mighty Donovan knew nothing of the child and Grant’s mother died of a fever six months after he was born. Grant was raised by a maiden aunt. Even as a child people sensed there was something different about Grant. He grew up strong and thickly muscled but also with a propensity for violence. After his sixteenth year he was compelled to kill at the full moon, starting out with small animals but eventually killing people.[1] Grant was successful at hiding his psychotic urges and worked as a enforcer for the Sinn Fein and a local group of smugglers. He also became a boxing champion of some note but was drafted into the service towards the end of World War II. He became a driver for the Royal Signal Corps and was stationed in Berlin. While working a dispatch courier, he took the day’s mail to the Russian sector and defected to the Soviets telling them of his desire to become an assassin.

For ten years he worked for SMERSH, becoming their chief executioner.

< James Bond running is running through what appears to be a park or a large garden under a full moon. As Bond stealthily makes his way through the park, he is being stalked by a large, muscular blond haired man dressed in a black turtleneck shirt and black pants. Bond fires at his stalker but misses. Bond turns a corner and his garroted by the blond man. Floodlights reveal that the park is a large garden area attached to a large villa or dacha. The villa is surrounded by men weilding shotguns. A thin balding man carrying a stopwatch walks up to the blond man and congratulates him on his speed. A mask is pulled off of the dead man revealing that it was not James Bond who had been killed after all.>[2]

At a meeting of the top intelligence and espionage agencies of the Soviet Union, it was decided to accomplish a terrorist act against the British Secret Service. It was then decided that the target of the act would be James Bond for his part in causing the deaths Le Chiffre, Mr. Big and Hugo Drax and the failure of their particular missions. A death warrant was issued for Bond, he was to be killed in ignomy.

The order was then passed over to SMERSH to plan and execute.

The Head of Planning for SMERSH was Kronsteen the reigning Chess Champion of Moscow. Kronsteen was summoned to SMERSH headquarters during his final match for the current championship, receiving a note for him to come immediately with only three minutes left to go. Kronsteen refused to leave immediately and finished the match, stating that he would have otherwise blown his cover.

In addition to Kronsteen, Colonel Rosa Klebb of SMERSH was also involved in the planning of the operation and would be instrumental in its execution.

< At a the International Chessmasters tournament held in Vienna, Kronsteen of Czechoslovakia is playing in the final game for the championship .He recieves a note with a glass of water. The note tells him that he is needed at once. It is signed with the octopus symbol of SPECTRE. Instead of immediately leaving Kronsteen continues his match and then departs. He is immediately taken to a car. He is then seen aboard a yacht with a rather homely middle aged woman. They stand before the desk of an unseen man who strokes a white cat.[3] The unseen man asks them for a plan to get them a LEKTOR[4] decoding plan from Russia, using the Russians and British Secret Services as dupes.

The woman, Rosa Klebb, had recently defected from Russia to join SPECTRE. The Russian Secret Service was keeping her defection secret. Klebb would use this to her advantage to recruit Russians to carry out a secret mission for the KGB. James Bond is a special target for SPECTRE for having eliminated their operative Dr. No>.[5]

The plan needed a beautiful woman and so they drafted one from the staff of the State Security service, an officer worker named Tatiana Romanova, who was said to resemble Greta Garbo.[6] Tatiana Romanova was told that she would be required to act as though she were in love with an English secret agent and would accompany him back to England. SMERSH believed that she would eventually be sent to Canada, which is where the English sent a certain category of foreign prisoners. Tatiana would be rescued from Canada and returned to the Soviet Union. The purpose of the mission was to give the English false information and also to gather as much information as Tatiana could from the British.

 

< Tatiana Romanova was already working at the Russian Consulate in Istanbul. Rosa Klebb summoned her to an office in a seedy part of town, telling her that she had been chosen for a special job. She was not to tell anyone at the Russian Consulate she was working for SMERSH.>[7]

       

Rosa Klebb and Kronsteen summoned Grant to their office. For his part in their plan it was necessary that he be trained to talk and act like an English gentleman, the better to pass himself off as a member of the British Secret Service.

 

< Grant works for SPECTRE rather than SMERSH. Rosa Klebb visits the training facility where Grant resides and tells him about the mission. The training facility is called Spectre Island>[8]

 

In London James Bond has been suffering through months of standard bureaucratic work. Adding to his discontent was the abrupt end of his relationship with Tiffany Case. He had met and fell in love with Tiffany Case during the Spang Diamond smuggling operation.

 

M summoned Bond to his office to discuss some odd business. The head of station T, Darko Kerim, had received a note to meet on a ferryboat. A young Russian woman told him that she had fallen in love with an English Intelligence agent named James Bond from his photograph and wanted to defect to the west to be with him. And to prove her dedication she would bring a SPEKTOR decoding machine with her. This would enable the British to decode all of the top level Russian messages.  However the only way that she would leave Russia and bring the machine with her was if Bond would personally travel to Turkey and accompany her to England.

 

< In the meeting between Bond and M there is no mention of Tiffany Case. Bond had been having a luncheon date with Sylvia Trench who he had met in the first film, Dr No, when he received the summons to M’s office. > [9]

 

Once in Instanbul Bond checks into a rather nondescript hotel named the Kristal Palas. He visits with Darko Kerim, the head of Station T. Kerim had been attacked in his office the day before, a limpet mine had been placed against the wall near his desk. However he had been having a tryst with a Rumanian girl and so escaped any harm. Kerim was puzzled as to why the Russians were making a movement against him. Usually they spied on one another without incident.

 

<Upon arriving at the airport Bond is met by one of Kerim’s agents. Bond notices that they are being followed. The driver is nonchalant about it, telling Bond that is how they play the game with the Russians in Istanbul. Grant is seen following Bond. At Kerim’s office, Bond and Kerim discuss whether or not this was a trap or not. Kerim believes that the girl may be sincere but that it still might be a trap. Leaving Kerim’s office Bond checks into his hotel, which is not a seedy hotel in the film version. His room however his filled with bugs of the electronic variety. Asking for another room he is set up in the Bridal Suite.>

 

When Bond asked about the girl Kerim could not say if she was on the level or not. Who knew what went on in the mind of a woman? Kerim wondered. Kerim accompanied Bond back to his hotel. The concierge gave Bond the best room in the hotel after he learned Bond knew Darko Kerim. After freshening up Bond met Kerim for lunch. He learned more about Istanbul’s top spy. Kerim was half British and Turkish, his mother had been one of his father’s wives. Kerim had been educated by his mother Kerim had an early career as a fisherman and he had also trained to be a strong man. During the war his father decided that Kerim would work for British. Major Dansey, who had been Kerim’s predecessor of Station T, hired Kerim as a guide.

 

After their lunch Kerim took Bond to a place where they could spy on the Russians. They traveled through the sewers to a place underneath the Russian Embassy. Kerim had put a submarine periscope in the tunnel, it peered through a mouse hole in the wall of the Russian’s conference room. Unfortunately there was not any sound to accompany the sights. Bond did however see Tania Romanov enter the room and from viewing her was able to form an opinion that she might be genuine in her proclaimed feelings towards him. Next to the periscope was a bomb that would destroy the embassy if anything were to happen to Kerim Bey.

 

 <Grant killed one of the Bulgars following Bond and Kerim Bey. The Russians in turn placed a limpet mine against the wall near Kerim Bey’s office. Kerim Bey was in the middle of tryst with his mistress when the bomb went off. Kerim Bey did not understand why the Russians would suddenly turn the cold war hot. He took Bond down a passageway leading into the tunnels beneath the city. He rowed Bond to spot beneath the Russian Consulate. Kerim Bey had put a submarine periscope beneath the passage way. Bond was able to get a glimpse of Romanova. Kerim spotted Krilencu one of the Russians killers. Since the bomb had nearly killed Kerim Bey he did not think it safe for Bond to return to his hotel. He took Bond to visit his friends the gypsies who also provided him with information on the Russians and Bulgars>

 

That evening Darko Kerim took Bond to a café run by some friends of his. They were gypsies and also some of his best informants. When they arrived however they were told that the restaurant was closed however they were free to share the family meal. Kerim warned Bond however that something would happen to which he could not interfere. Two women were in love with one man. They had threatened to kill each other and also to kill the man if he chose the other one. To resolve this conflict the two women were going to fight to the death. If anyone interfered they to would be put to death. Bond agreed to stay out of the fight. As the two women fought however the café was attacked. A hole was blown into the wall and several armed men poured inside the breach, attacking the gypsies with guns and knives.  Bond and Kerim joined the fight shooting at the attackers and drove them off but only after ten or so of the gypsies had been killed. Kerim did learn tha the man who had placed the mine in his office was Krilencu, the leader of the Faceless Ones, a contingent of men charged by the Russians to follow Kerim around.

 

<The visit to the gypsy camp is nearly identical to the events depicted in the novel. However during the free for all fight between the Gypsies and Bulgars Bond had his life saved by a providential gunshot. Red Grant was observing the fight and ensuring Bond’s safety. Also at the end of the fight Bond was rewarded for having saved the chief’s by being allowed to decide between the two Gypsy girls. They spent the night with him and through the next evening.>[10]

 

Kerim decided to take out Krilencu that night and asked Bond to assist him. It was well known where Krilencu’s headquarters was located and so it was relatively easy for Kerim’s men to stake it out and for Kerim to set up an ambush for him. Assisted by Bond, Kerim shot Krilencu with a sniper’s rifle as he was flushed from his hiding place.

 

< It was not until the evening after the fight at the gypsy camp that Bond and Kerim went hunting for Krilencu. The action was an almost exact replay of events depicted in the novel with the exception that the billboard wherein Krilencu had his bolt hole was an advertisement for Call Me Bwana and the bolt hole was in Anita Ekberg’s mouth rather than Niagara and Marilyn Monroe’s mouth. >

 

When Bond returned to his hotel that evening, Tania Romanov was in his bed wearing nothing but a black ribbon around her throat and black stockings. After some flirtatious bantering, he asked her about the Spektor device. She reacted as though he had struck her, desiring the machine over her. Tania told him that she would get it that morning and they would leave that evening. She insisted on going by the Orient Express and was unshakable in this regard. Unable to change her mind Bond relented. Tania stole the machine and met Bond at the train station.

 

<After their romantic tryst, Tania had to prove her willingness to help Bond and also provide bonafides as to her veracity. First she was asked to provide a floor plan of the Russian Consulate and to drop it off at the Ayasofya Mosque. Tania was followed by one of the Bulgars who intercepted her dropped note before Bond could get to it. However Red Grant killed the Bulgar, leaving the note in his hand. Bond then discovered the corpse. Kerim Bey was mystified as to who killed the Bulgar since it was not one of his people. The floor plans checked out when matched against  the plans that Kerim Bey already had. Tania then had to describe in detail the LEKTOR decoder. She met Bond on the ferry traveling across the Bospherus. He filmed and taped her interview and sent it to M who had it authenticated. Bond was then wired to go ahead with the exchange. Bond visited the Russian Consulate and at three sharp a bomb went off in the rear of the building and the building began filling with smoke and tear gas and was evacuated. Donning a gas mask Bond found Tania and took the LEKTOR decoder, they exited through a hole in the wall leading down into the tunnels underneath the streets. After a short boat ride, Tania and Bond went up a stair way and exited on a street near the train station. They boarded the Orient Express just before it departed. However Tania was spotted by Benz, a Russian Security officer charged with watching the train.>

 

Once on the Orient Express however, Kerim told him that three of the Faceless Ones were on the train. Afraid that the SPEKTOR machine might be a fake, he examined it over her protestations. By stealing their tickets Kerim managed to get two of the three men thrown off of the train. Both he and Bond believed that killing the three men would bring too much attention to their journey.

 

< Kerim spots Benz. Bond and Kerim visit Benz’ berth and disarm him. They tie him up and Kerim keeps him company. Bond and Tania enjoy the train ride.>

 

Although Kerim urged that Bond take the girl and the machine and get off of the train, Bond insisted on seeing the journey out. When the train reached Idomeni a Greek town near the Yugolavian border, Bond was told by the conductor that there had been an accident with his friend. In the room where Kerim was staying were two dead men, one was Kerim with a knife stuck into his neck, the other was the Russian agent that they had not been able to remove from the train. There was a knife in his back. The Russian agent had crept upon on Kerim as he slept and stabbed him and had in turn been stabbed.

 

< The conductor knocked on Bond’s berth and told him that there had been an accident with Kerim Bey. It appeared as though Kerim Bey and Benz had killed one another. Bond was supposed to get off the train but stayed was forced to stay on it because of Kerim’s death. Bond blames Tania for Kerim’s death but comes to believe that she knew nothing of it.>

 

In Belgrade Bond had the unpleasant task of informing Kerim’s man, who was one of his many sons that Kerim was dead. Bond also had a phone conversation about M whether or not M should send someone to back him up. He told Bond he would think it over .

 

< Bond is contacted by Kerim’s son at the Belgrade station. Bond tells him that his father is dead. He also tells Kerim’s son to have M provide him with back up at Zagreb, so that they can get the LEKTOR device through customs.>

 

In Trieste, a man made contact with Bond using the latest recognition code words. Although Bond found Norman Nash to be a sort of an odd duck with an awkward way of speaking and almost studied mannerisms, he did not doubt his story of M having sent him to back Bond up. Despite these odd characteristics Bond saw in Nash’s well muscled body and cold eyes a valuable member of the Secret Service. He dismissed Tania’s observation that in Russian Nash means ours. Bond also learned through the newspaper that that Russian consulate in Istanbul had suffered a catastrophic explosion, probably from a gas leak. Bond knew that one of Kerim’s sons had set off his bomb.

 

<In Red Grant makes contact with Bond posing as the man M has sent. Grant has killed the actual Norman Nash. Bond takes Grant to his berth and introduces him to Tania, using their false names of James and Caroline Somerset. Bond suggests that they had dinner to discuss their plans on how to get through customs.>

 

Although Tania did not like Nash she put up with his company for Bond’s sake. At a dinner that the three of the shared Nash knocked over Tania’s glass of wine. He insisted on pouring her another. Tania soon became ill and had to be helped to their stateroom. Once there Nash volunteered to take the first watch. He had brought a copy of War and Peace with him. However he did not have a gun so asked for Bond’s. After Bond gave Nash the gun the lights went out. Bond came awake with Nash sitting in front of him. When Bond lifted his arm to look at his watch, a click came from Nash’s direction and his watch was shattered to pieces.

Smoke drifted out of a hole in the book.

 

Nash explained that the book was a gun containing 25 dum dum bullets. He told Bond many things that this was a SMERSH operation, created by Kronsteen the chessplayer and Rosa Klebb. Nash was SMERSH chief executioner. That the girl believed she was going to England to spy there but that she would actually end up dead with Bond. It would appear that Bond had killed her and then killed himself. There would be films put in her purse, films of Bond and her and notes saying that she planned to release the films unless Bond married her. That Bond had promised to marry her if she stole the SPEKTOR. Nash also told Bond that the SPEKTOR was booby trapped.

 

Bragging about his accuracy with the book gun Nash told him that Bond would be found with two bullets in his heart. Gambling on Nash’s marksmanship, Bond slipped his cigarette case into a book and placed the book in his coat over his heart, while Nash watched his other hand. When Nash shot him, Bond acted as though dead, slowly slipping a knife out of his attaché case. When Nash stepped over Bond’s body, Bond slashed him across the groin, aiming for the femoral artery. As Bond and Nash grappled, Bond got the book gun away from Nash and shot him several times.

 

<Bond tells Nash that wants to wash up before dinner so he sends them ahead. He quickly goes through Nash’s briefcase and finds it filled with the standard equipment from Q branch. He joins Nash and Tania in the dining car. Bond takes note when Nash has a red Chianti with his fish. Nash accidentally knocks over Tania’s glass and refills it dropping in a pill as he does. Tania collapses. Nash and Bond carry her back to the berth. Nash says it was probably nervous exhaustion. After they put Tania to bed and go into the adjoining Berth, Bond asks Nash what he put into her drink. Nash replies coolly that it was chloral hydrate. His escape plan was for one. Was Bond interested in the LEKTOR or the girl? Nash starts to show Bond his escape route and when Bond bends over to look at the map, Nash knocks him out. When Bond regains consciousness, Nash is holding a gun on him. He has Bond get on his knees and put his hands in his pockets.

 

Annoyed at Nash’s constant use of the term old man, Bond asks if that is what the people in SMERSH call one another. Nash seems puzzled by the term SMERSH and Bond realizes that this is a SPECTRE operation. He gets Nash to talk. Nash reveals that the plan was concocted by Kronsteen and Rosa Klebb. He reveals that Klebb had defected to SPECTRE. He tells Bond that he is to make it look like Bond killed Tania and then committed suicide and tells Bond that their night in the Bridal suite had been filmed. The film was in her purse. Bond realizes that Grant had killed the Russian and the Bulgar to set the Russians and British against one another.

 

Bond asks for one last cigarette. Nash refuses but Bond tells him that he would pay for it with fifty gold sovereigns. Bond retrieves the sovereigns from his case. He tells Nash the other case has more in it. Nash insists on opening this one himself. He opens the case and gets a face full of tear gas. Bond wrestles with him for the gun. They have a vicious fight in the small berth. Bond is nearly garroted but pulls a hidden knife from the trick briefcase and stabs Grant’s arm. He is then able to loop the garrote about Grant’s neck and choke him.

 

When the train stops for a truck that was stuck on the tracks, Bond and Tania get off of the train. Tania is still suffering from the effects of her drugging. Bond sneaks up on the driver of the truck who was Grant’s contact person and knocks him out putting him in the passenger seat. Bond puts Tania in the back of the truck which is filled with flowers and drives away. After he has been driving for a while a helicopter flies over him, telling him to pull over. When Bond refuses the co pilot of the helicopter begins lobbing grenades at the truck. Bond stops the truck and tells Tania to get under it. Grabbing his briefcase he runs up a hillside drawing the helicopter after him. Avoiding thrown grenades, Bond behind some boulders and assembles a sniper rifle. He shoots the copilot just as he was about to throw another grenade. The grenade lands in the helicopter and explodes.

 

Bond returns to the truck and drives to where a seashore where a boat is tied up. The boat is loaded with fuel. Once they have set off towards Venice, Bond pushes the truck driver out of the boat.

 

Aboard the head of SPECTRE’s yacht Kronsteen and Klebb are taken to task for the failure of the plan. Kronsteen protests that his plan was perfect that Klebb had botched it. Blofeld declares that there is no place for failure in SPECTRE. Morzeny, the bald headed man who was the head of the SPECTRE island training facility, kicks Kronsteen with boot from which a stiletto juts from the toe. The blade is poisoned and Kronsteen dies immediately. Klebb is warned to retrieve the LEKTOR and kill Bond.

 

Bond and Tania are soon pursued by several speedboats who seek to disable the boat by shooting it up with machine guns or turning it over by carefully shot rocket propelled grenades. Seeing that the barrels of extra fuel have been pierced Bond cuts them loose and uses a flare gun to set the fuel on fire. The fire engulfs the pursuing boats as Tania and Bond make their escape. The attack force had been led by Morzeny.>

 

Upon arriving in Paris, Bond had Tania taken to a room at the Embassy. Rene Mathis had taken the booby trapped SPEKTOR machine to the bomb squad. Bond decided to make Nash’s meeting with Rosa Klebb at the Ritz Hotel.

 

Klebb was disguised as an elderly French grande damme, named the Comtesse Metterstein. She sat at a small desk with an old fashioned telephone and a bag of knitting at her feet. Bond noted that the knitting needles were discolored. After he announced he knew she was Rosa Klebb, she tried shooting him, the telephone was actually a gun. She then tried to stab him with the knitting needles. Using a chair he pinned her to the wall. He released her into the custody of the Deuxième

However as she was being taken out she managed to lash out at Bond with a stiletto sticking out of the toe of her boot. The stiletto was coated with a poison. Bond fell unconscious.

 

<In Venice Rosa Klebb enters Bond and Tania’s hotel room by posing as a maid. Tania recognizes her but Klebb motions for her to be silent. Klebb tries to take the LEKTOR but Bond tells her to leave it. Klebb then pulls a gun and aims at Bond. Tania lunges at Klebb knocking the gun from her hands. Klebb then attacks Bond by kicking at him with the stiletto toe shoes. Bond grabs a chair and holds her against the wall. Tania picks up the gun and shoots her.

 

Tania and Bond enjoy a romantic ride on a gondola in the canals of Venice. Bond throws the film that had been hidden in Tania’s purse into the canal.

 

THE BLENDED BOND: A Recreation Of The True Events

 

Unknown to their superiors several high ranking officials at the KGB, GRU, SMERSH and various other government agencies of the Soviet Union have been cultivated and co-opted by the criminal enterprise known as SPECTRE. The Special Executive of Counter-Intelligence, Terror, Revenge and Extortion was a criminal syndicate that blended organized crime, terrorism and espionage specifically for profit. Apolitical they worked for any government that could meet their price; they would also target any nation, group or person if profit can be made. The Soviet agents had been promised great wealth and ultimately sanctuary in the West when they have successfully executed everything that SPECTRE required of them. Rosa Klebb and Kronsteen, two of the top officials of the Russian Counter Intelligence agency known as SMERSH became members of SPECTRE in 1953. In early 1954 while on a “diplomatic” mission to Vienna, Klebb and Kronsteen met with Blofeld the head of SPECTRE and he instructed them to come up with a plan to obtain a LEKTOR decoder. They were to do so in a fashion that would not reveal the hand of SPECTRE and would also further foment tension between the Soviets and the Western powers.

 

Kronsteen and Klebb used their influence to convince the top intelligence and espionage agencies of the Soviet Union to enact a espionage operation against the British Secret Service by targeting their primary agent, James Bond for his part in causing the deaths Le Chiffre, Mr. Big and Hugo Drax and the failure of their particular missions. A death warrant was issued for Bond; he was to be killed in ignomy.

The order was then passed over to SMERSH to plan and execute. The Head of Planning for SMERSH was Kronsteen the reigning Chess Champion of Moscow. Kronsteen was summoned to SMERSH headquarters during his final match for the current championship, receiving a note for him to come immediately with only three minutes left to go in the game. Kronsteen refused to leave immediately and finished the match, stating that he would have otherwise blown his cover.[11]

In addition to Kronsteen, Colonel Rosa Klebb of SMERSH was also involved in the planning of the operation and would be instrumental in its execution.

Kronsteen and Klebb devised a plan that would allow them SPECTRE to obtain a LEKTOR and would also carryout the dictates of SMERSH.

The plan needed a beautiful woman and so they drafted one from the staff of the State Security service, an officer worker named Tatiana Romanova. Romanova was chosen for her beauty, her naiveté and her facility with languages. Tatiana Romanova was told that she would be required to act as though she were in love with an English secret agent and would accompany him back to England. SMERSH believed that she would eventually be sent to Canada, which is where the English sent a certain category of foreign prisoners. Tatiana would be rescued from Canada and returned to the Soviet Union. The main purpose of the mission was to give the English false information. Tatiana was also to gather as much information as she could from the British. Romanova was transferred to Istanbul a few months prior to the plan’s execution.

 

Rosa Klebb and Kronsteen summoned Grant to their office. For his part in their plan it was necessary that he be trained to talk and act like an English gentleman, the better to pass himself off as a member of the British Secret Service. Grant was remanded to the custody of Klebb for the duration of the mission. Although Grant was quite useful to SMERSH his homicidal compulsions were unseemly in post Stalinist Russia and posed a substantial risk to post Beria espionage operations. Grant was sent to SPECTRE island where he was trained to pose an English gentleman. He was told it was a SMERSH training facility. SPECTRE island was run by a Russian defector named Morzeny Gogol. To Grant he posed as his brother Alexis Gogol, a high ranking officer of the KGB. Once Grant was sent to Istanbul he was given instructions to stir the tensions between the Russians and British as well as ensuring Bond’s and Romanova’s safety; at least until it was time for them to be killed.

 

In London James Bond has been suffering through months of standard bureaucratic work. Adding to his discontent was the abrupt end of his relationship with Tiffany Case.[12] He had met and fell in love with Tiffany Case during the Spang Diamond smuggling operation.[13]

 

M summoned Bond to his office to discuss some odd business. The head of station T, Darko Kerim, had received a note to meet on a ferryboat. A young Russian woman told him that she had fallen in love with an English Intelligence agent named James Bond from his photograph and wanted to defect to the west to be with him. And to prove her dedication she would bring a LEKTOR decoding machine with her. This would enable the British to decode all of the top-level Russian messages.  However the only way that she would leave Russia and bring the machine with her was if Bond would personally travel to Turkey and accompany her to England.

 

Once in Istanbul Bond checks into a rather nondescript hotel named the Kristal Palas. This hotel was filled with bugs of the six-legged variety. After a night’s sleep and breakfast Bond was picked up by one of Kerim’s agents to visit the head of Station T.

 

Bond noticed that they were being followed. The driver was nonchalant about it, telling Bond that is how the game was played with the Russians in Istanbul. At Kerim’s office, Bond and Kerim discussed whether or not the situation with the girl was a trap or not. Kerim believed that the girl could be sincere but the situation still might be a trap.

 

After lunch Kerim took Bond to a place where they could spy on the Russians. They traveled through the sewers to a place underneath the Russian Embassy. Kerim had put a submarine periscope in the tunnel, it peered through a mouse hole in the wall of the Russian’s conference room. Unfortunately there was not any sound to accompany the view. Bond however saw Tania Romanov enter the room and from viewing her Bond was able to form an opinion that she might be genuine in her proclaimed feelings towards him. Next to the periscope was a bomb Kerim Bey said would destroy the embassy if anything were to happen to him.

Red Grant killed one of the Bulgars following Bond and Kerim Bey. The Russians in turn placed a limpet mine against the wall near Kerim Bey’s office. Kerim Bey was in the middle of tryst with his mistress in a room off to the side of his office when the bomb went off and so escaped injury. However since the bomb had been set to kill Kerim Bey he did not think it safe for Bond to return to his hotel and convinced him to change hotels. Kerim accompanied Bond back to the new hotel. The concierge gave Bond the best room in the hotel after he learned Bond knew Darko Kerim. Bond discovered that this hotel was also filled with bugs, this time of the electronic variety. Asking for another room he was set up in the Bridal Suite.

That evening Darko Kerim took Bond to a café run by some friends of his. They were gypsies and also some of his best informants providing him with information on the Russians and Bulgars When they arrived however they were told that the restaurant was closed however they were free to share the family meal. Kerim learned that the man who had placed the mine in his office was Krilencu, the leader of the Faceless Ones, a contingent of men charged by the Russians to follow Kerim around.

 

During their meal Kerim warned Bond that something would happen to which he could not interfere. Two women were in love with one man. They had threatened to kill each other and also to kill the man if he chose the other one. To resolve this conflict the two women were going to fight to the death. If anyone interfered they to would be put to death. Bond agreed to stay out of the fight. As the two women fought however the café was attacked. A hole was blown into the wall and several armed men poured inside the breach, attacking the gypsies with guns and knives.  Bond and Kerim joined the fight shooting at the attackers and drove them off but only after ten or so of the gypsies had been killed.

 

During the free for all fight between the Gypsies and Bulgars Bond had his life saved by a providential gunshot. Red Grant observed the fight and ensured Bond’s safety.

 

Kerim decided to take out Krilencu that night and asked Bond to assist him. It was well known where Krilencu’s headquarters was located and so it was relatively easy for Kerim’s men to stake it out and for Kerim to set up an ambush for him. Assisted by Bond, Kerim shot Krilencu with a sniper’s rifle when he was flushed from his hiding place. He tried to escape from a bolt hole set in a billboard, climbing out a door set in the mouth of Marilyn Monroe.

 

When Bond returned to his hotel that evening, Tania Romanov was in his bed wearing nothing but a black ribbon around her throat and black stockings. After some flirtatious bantering, he asked her about the Lektor device. She reacted as though he had struck her, desiring the machine over her. Bond mollified her and they had a romantic tryst.

 

After their romantic tryst, Tania had to prove her willingness to help Bond and also provide bonafides as to her veracity. First she was asked to provide a floor plan of the Russian Consulate and to drop it off at the Ayasofya Mosque. Tania was followed by one of the Bulgars who intercepted her dropped note before Bond could get to it. However Red Grant killed the Bulgar, leaving the note in his hand. Bond discovered the corpse. Kerim Bey was mystified as to who killed the Bulgar since it was not one of his people. The floor plans checked out when matched against  the plans that Kerim Bey already had. Tania then had to describe in detail the LEKTOR decoder. She met Bond on the ferry traveling across the Bospherus. He filmed and taped her interview and sent it to M who had it authenticated. Bond was then wired to go ahead with the exchange. Bond visited the Russian Consulate and at three sharp a limpet bomb went off in the rear of the building and the building began filling with smoke and tear gas and was evacuated. Donning a gas mask Bond found Tania and took the LEKTOR decoder, they exited through a hole in the wall leading down into the tunnels underneath the streets. After a short boat ride threw the sewers Tania and Bond went up a stair way and exited on a street near the train station. They boarded the Orient Express just before it departed. However Tania was spotted by Benz, a Russian Security officer charged with watching the train.[14] He and two of his men boarded the train as it it departed.

 

Once on the Orient Express however, Kerim told him that three of the Faceless Ones were on the train. Afraid that the LEKTOR machine might be a fake, he examined it over her protestations. By stealing their tickets Kerim managed to get two of the three men thrown off of the train. Both he and Bond believed that killing the three men would bring too much attention to their journey. Bond and Kerim visited Benz’ berth and disarm him. They tied him up and Kerim kept him company while Bond and Tania enjoyed the train ride.

 

Although Kerim urged that Bond take the girl and the machine and get off of the train, Bond insisted on seeing the journey out. When the train reached Idomeni a Greek town near the Yugoslavian border, the conductor told Bond that there had been an accident with his friend. In the room where Kerim was staying were two dead men, one was Kerim with a knife stuck into his neck, the other was the Russian agent that they had not been able to remove from the train. There was a knife in his back. The Russian agent had gotten loose, crept upon on Kerim as he slept and stabbed him and had in turn been stabbed. At first Bond blamed Tania for Kerim’s death but soon believed that she knew nothing of it.

 

In Belgrade Bond had the unpleasant task of informing Kerim’s man, who was one of his many sons that Kerim was dead. Bond was contacted by Kerim’s son at the Belgrade station. Bond told him that his father was dead. He also told Kerim’s son to ask to M provide him with back up at Zagreb, so that they could get the LEKTOR device through customs.[15]

 

In Zagreb[16], Bond learned through the newspaper that that Russian consulate in Istanbul had suffered a catastrophic explosion, probably from a gas leak. Bond knew that one of Kerim’s sons had set off his bomb. A man made contact with Bond using the latest recognition code words. Although Bond found Norman Nash to be a sort of an odd duck with an awkward way of speaking and almost studied mannerisms, he did not doubt his story of M having sent him to back Bond up. Despite these odd characteristics Bond saw in Nash’s well-muscled body and cold eyes a valuable member of the Secret Service. He dismissed Tania’s observation that in Russian Nash means ours.

 

Although Tania did not like Nash she put up with his company for Bond’s sake. Bond suggested that they have dinner to discuss their plans on how to get through customs. Bond wanted to wash up before dinner wants to wash up so he sent Nash and Tania ahead. Bond quickly went through Nash’s briefcase and found it filled with the standard equipment from Q branch along with a copy of War and Peace. However it was not equipped with the trick locking mechanism and a tear gas canister that his case had. After joining Nash and Tania in the dining car, Bond took note when Nash had a red Chianti with his fish. Nash accidentally knocked over Tania’s glass and refilled it dropping in a pill as he does. Tania collapsed shortly after finishing her drink. Nash and Bond carried her back to the berth. Nash said Tania probably had nervous exhaustion. After they put Tania to bed and went into the adjoining Berth, Bond suspiciously asked Nash what he had put into her drink. Nash replied coolly that it was chloral hydrate. His escape plan was for one. He queried if was Bond interested in the LEKTOR or the girl? Nash volunteered to take the first watch but insisted on showing Bond his escape plan first, taking out his book and the map. When Bond bent over to look at Grant’s map, Grant hit him over the head with his copy of War and Peace

 

When Bond regained consciousness Nash was sitting in front of him. When Bond lifted his arm to look at his watch, a click came from Nash’s direction and the paneling by Bond’s head splintered. Smoke drifted out of a hole in the book’s spine.

 

He has Bond get on his knees and put his hands in his pockets Nash explained that the book was a gun containing 25 dum dum bullets. Bragging about his accuracy with the book gun Nash told him that Bond would be found with two bullets in his heart.

 

Annoyed at Nash’s constant use of the term old man, Bond asks if that is what the people in SMERSH call one another. It was Nash’s turn to become annoyed, he his hatred at the English caused him to uncharacteristically vocal. He told Bond many things; that this was a SMERSH operation, created by Kronsteen the chessplayer and Rosa Klebb. Nash was SMERSH’s chief executioner. That the girl believed she was going to England to spy there but that she would actually end up dead with Bond. It would appear that Bond had killed her and then killed himself. There would be films put in her purse, films of Bond and her and notes saying that she planned to release the films unless Bond married her. Her note would also claim that Bond had promised to marry her if she stole the LEKTOR. Nash also told Bond that the LEKTOR was booby-trapped. However Bond knew this to be untrue since he had already examined it.[17]

 

Bond asked for one last cigarette. Nash refused at first but Bond told him that he would pay for it with fifty gold sovereigns. Bond retrieved the sovereigns from his case. He told Nash the other case has more in it. Nash insisted on opening this one himself. Nash opened the case and received a face full of tear gas. Bond wrestled with him for the gun. They had a vicious fight in the small berth. Bond was nearly garroted but pulled a hidden knife from the trick briefcase and stabbed Grant’s arm. Bond was then able to loop the garrote about Grant’s neck and choke him. For good measure Bond retrieved the book gun and shot Nash several times.[18]

 

When the train stopped for a truck that was stuck on the tracks, just outside of Trieste. Bond and Tania left the train. Tania was still suffering from the effects of her drugging. Bond sneaked up on the driver of the truck, who was Grant’s contact person and forced him to drive them to Nash’s disembarkation point.

 

They were driven to a small dock where a boat was tied up. The boat was loaded with barrels of fuel. Once they have set off towards Venice across the Venice Gulf, Bond pushed the truck driver out of the boat. [19]

 

Bond and Tania were soon pursued by several speedboats who sought to sink the boat by raking it with machine guns or turning it over by carefully shot rocket propelled grenades. Seeing that the barrels of extra fuel had been pierced Bond cut them loose and used a flare gun to set the fuel on fire. The fire engulfed the pursuing boats as Tania and Bond made their escape. The attack force had been led by Morzeny, the head of the SPECTRE island training facility.

 

Aboard Blofeld’s yacht Kronsteen and Klebb were taken to task for the failure of the plan. Kronsteen protested that his plan was perfect, that Klebb had botched it. Blofeld declared that there was no place for failure in SPECTRE. Blofeld’s foot lashed out from under his desk and a stiletto knife jutting from his shoe’s toe stabbed Kronsteen’s foot. The poisoned blade immediately killed Kronsteen. Klebb was warned to retrieve the LEKTOR and kill Bond.[20]

 

Enroute to Venice, Tania Romanova discovered the film in her purse, after looking through it, she dropped it into the ocean without comment. They stayed at a hotel in Venice for one night prior to traveling to Paris. A hotel maid first tried to steal the LEKTOR, failing that she tried to kill Bond with a gun. Tania disarmed the maid with a thrown chair and later shot the maid when she attempted to stab Bond with a steak knife from their service cutlery.[21]

 

Upon arriving in Paris, Bond had Tania taken to a room at the Embassy. Rene Mathis had taken the LEKTOR machine to the bomb squad to make certain it was not booby-trapped. Bond decided to make Nash’s meeting with Rosa Klebb at the Ritz Hotel. He traveled to the Ritz Hotel alone with the provision that his friend Rene Mathis join him fifteen minutes after he had gone into the room. Rene and his men would bring up a laundry cart. Bond acquired a hotel pass key from Mathis.

 

Inside the room was an elderly French grande damme, named the Comtesse Metterstein. She sat at a small desk with an old fashioned telephone and a bag of knitting at her feet. Bond immediately observed that the knitting needles were discolored and knew that he was in the right room. After he announced he knew she was Rosa Klebb, she tried shooting him with the telephone which was actually a gun. She then tried to stab him with the knitting needles. Using a chair he pinned her to the wall. He released her into the custody of the Deuxième.

 

In the novel it appeared that Bond had gone to the meeting that Grant had arranged with Rosa Klebb with the express purpose of capturing Rosa Klebb, the one of the heads of SMERSH single handedly. He captured her but was severely wounded in doing so.

 

According to the novel Grant was to meet Klebb in Paris and then drive her to Berlin because she wanted all the glory for this operation. Yet why was Klebb in Paris in the first place and why did she need to meet Grant in person? In the film she was to meet Grant so that he would receive his pay and so she could take possession of the LEKTOR. In the novel however there was no compelling reason to meet with Grant. Klebb would have gotten her accolades once he had returned to Russia with a successfully completed mission. There are also the circumstances of the meeting that are a bit odd, if given some thought.

 

As depicted in the novel Rosa Klebb was meeting with Grant using the elaborate disguise of the Countess Metterstein. Why was this? Bond was not aware of the existence of Rosa Klebb or her connection to SMERSH until Grant had told Bond. This would seem to imply that Rosa Klebb was a nonentity so far as the Western intelligence agencies were concerned. In this light there was little reason for such an elaborate disguise. In addition to being disguised, Rosa Klebb also carried with her a formidable arsenal, a gun disguised as a telephone, poisoned knitting needles and a poisoned stiletto knife in her boot toe. One wonders why she needed these, if she were incognito and was indeed meeting Grant. As stated earlier no one knew who she was so it is unlikely that she would have been accosted by secret agents from any other nation and even if she been, the boot stiletto would have been a weapon enough. Once Grant was accompanying her she would not have needed such an array of weaponry since he would have been a most formidable bodyguard so there really would not have been a need for these on her trip to Berlin.

 

From all appearances she planned to kill the person she was meeting. If this was so, why would she kill Grant? Grant’s loyalty, which had been tested thoroughly several times was unquestioned, his successful mission in killing Britain’s premier secret agent would have proven how valuable an asset he was to SMERSH. Even the old adage that Grant had to be killed because he knew too much does not hold water either since by that reasoning he would have probably been killed much earlier.

 

When we eliminate Grant as Rosa’s target, her large array of weapons becomes even more suspicious, since she would not have been expecting anyone else but Grant to show up at her room. There would have been no time for her to have been informed of Grant’s death and if she had been so informed it is not likely she would have kept the meeting.

 

Also as depicted in the novel Bond has to introduce himself and tell the old lady that Grant did not make it before he gets a reaction. Rosa Klebb would have recognized Bond immediately, since he was the target of their plot and she would have also recognized Grant. If she had wanted Bond dead, her first response would have been to shoot him with the telephone gun on sight.

 

If however, we use information gleaned from the film, specifically that Rosa Klebb was also working with SPECTRE, these incongruities begin to make sense.

 

If Rosa Klebb was planning on taking the LEKTOR and delivering it to SPECTRE, as depicted in the film, then the need for a disguise becomes understandable, as does the need to eliminate Grant. Rosa would have had to disguise herself from her fellow Soviets and kill Grant so she would have no witnesses of her having received the LEKTOR. In this way she could keep secret her alliance with SPECTRE and continue to work as a member in good standing with SMERSH. Considering how dangerous Grant was, her array of deadly weapons becomes more understandable.

 

Although it was never directly stated in the film, Grant was probably meant to meet with Rosa Klebb in Venice. However he had been killed prior to this meeting. There was not enough time for Klebb to return from her meeting with Blofeld and personally retrieve the LEKTOR from Bond in Venice so she dispatched one of the SMERSH agents in Venice to do so.

 

When this failed, Klebb traveled to Paris to personally retrieve the LEKTOR. However she could not let her SMERSH superiors know she was getting the LEKTOR. She had to make certain that Bond would bring her the LEKTOR. His room was watched and while he took the LEKTOR to the Deuxième for examination, Rosa Klebb visited his room and ordered Tania Romanova to accompany her. Romanova was reluctant however and so Klebb forced her to do so at gunpoint.

 

Klebb sent a telegram to Bond telling him that she had Romanova and if he wanted to see her alive he had to bring the LEKTOR to a certain suite at the Ritz Hotel, and he had to come alone.

 

Bond was not about to give the LEKTOR back even at the cost of Tania’s life, however he thought that there was a good chance that he could not only rescue Tania but also capture one of the top figures of SMERSH. It would be a great cap to an already successful mission. Bond went alone but did arrange for back up to arrive should things go south.

 

Rosa Klebb dressed in her disguise as the Countess Metterstein because she intended to take the LEKTOR to Blofeld immediately after dispatching Bond and Tania Romanova. The disguise had the added effect of momentarily confusing Bond who was not expecting a Parisian grand damme to greet him. His fleeting thought of being in the wrong room was enough for Rosa to nearly succeed in killing him with the telephone gun but Bond’s reflexes saved him.

 

After a short battle with Bond, she soon found herself captured. After the Deuxième arrived, Bond searched the suite for Tania and found tied up on a bed. As Bond was helping Tania regain her lost circulation, Rosa Klebb used the distraction to lash out at Bond with a swift kick, stabbing his leg with a stiletto blade coated with fugu.[22]

 

Tania Romanova screamed as James Bond fell to the ground, Rosa Klebb laughed. However her laughter would prove to be short lived.

 

Bond survived the fugu poisoning. Rosa Klebb failed to kill and discredit Bond for SMERSH, she failed to get the LEKTOR decoder for SPECTRE. She was not the suicidal type but according to Pearson she died of cyanide poisoning enroute to Deuxième headquarters. It is a toss up whether it was SMERSH or SPECTRE that did the deed.

 

POST MISSION DEBRIEFING:

 

It took Bond several to recover from the fugu poisoning during this time Tania Romanova was thoroughly interrogated by MI6 and then, according to Pearson, was sent to Australia as an immigrant. One could wonder considering her genuine attachment to Bond why she did not fight to remain in England. This was simply because she was told Bond died as a result of  Rosa Klebb’s poison. This was M’s decision to keep a mooning female away from his best agent. Tania’s immigration to Australia was however was not a long one. She either returned to the Soviet Union on her own or was rescued and returned.

 

G, the head of Russian Intelligence had decided to end the vendetta against Bond and so disavowed Rosa Klebb, Kronsteen and their failed plan to discredit and kill Bond and the loyal Tania Romanova as a rogue operation. After debriefing Tania was promoted to the rank of Captain as promised. She was given further training specifically in martial arts, weapons training and other skills to make her an effective field agent. Her loyalty to the Soviet Union was assured when it was revealed to her that James Bond was alive and well. British Intelligence and most probably Bond himself had deliberately made her think he was dead to abruptly sever all her ties with him.

 

When Tania Romanova had finished her training, she was assigned to the United States to carry out espionage and sabotage operations.[23]

 

Tania’s cover was to be a White Russian aristocrat, a distant relative of the former Russian royal family living in exile. She had a body servant/bodyguard named “Boris.”[24] Her betrayal by Bond and by Rosa Klebb who had planned to use her as a disposable pawn had eroded much of the youthful idealism that Tania had possessed. She became hardened. She chose for her code name Black Widow, as a cynical reference to her “marriage” to western spy James Bond.

 

After she had established an identity as a recent European émigré, Tania slowly but surely began to make contacts among the social elite of New York City, Los Angeles, Washington DC and Chicago.  In 1961, she was ordered to infiltrate Hughes International with the specific directives to learn all she could about the “Iron Man” project, to discover what had happened to a Soviet version of the “Iron Man” project and to sabotage as best she could Hughes’ ability to further the Iron Man project. It was well known that Howard Hughes had a weakness for beautiful woman, especially ones that kept him at arm’s length. Tania used her social contacts to meet Hughes. Her beauty and fiercely anti-communist views enthralled Hughes after several weeks of courtship she was given a tour of the facilities where the Iron Man project was a going concern.[25] She used this access to create a layout of the facility for further incursions. Tania also spotted the creator of the Soviet’s Iron Man suit, Anton Vanko working at the laser laboratory. [26]

 

Tania tracked down Vanko’s residence and visited him to see why he had defected and to convince him to return to the Soviet Union. When he refused to listen to her, her “bodyguard” took charge of the situation and restrained Vanko for shipment back to the Soviet Union. He was not summarily killed because of his invaluable scientific knowledge. Boris then used Vanko’s identification and keys to get into Boris laboratory. Once there he gathered up as much research as he could and then put it and himself in Vanko’s Crimson Dynamo suit. Having donned the suit, he began to destroy what he could of the facility. He had not gotten far on his destruction when Iron Man showed up to fight him. Boris managed to defeat Iron Man and carry him off to Vanko’s apartment. Once Iron Man was secured Boris returned as the Crimson Dynamo to further sabotage Hughes plant. Iron Man freed Vanko and together they returned to Hughes plant. Iron Man once more engaged the Crimson Dynamo in combat.[27] Tania Romanova however pretended to be wounded while observing the fight, distracting Iron Man. The Crimson Dynamo was one again able to disable Iron Man’s power source. This time however Vanko used his prototype laser weapon on the Crimson Dynamo. The resulting explosion destroyed the Crimson Dynamo suit killing Vanko and “Boris”. Tania escaped in the chaotic aftermath of the explosion.

 

Although Tania Romanova had fled from the Hughes plant before her cover had been blown she did not realize that Hughes’ extreme paranoia had been triggered and he now suspected her of being an enemy agent. On their next date he showed her a compact hand held device that projected a powerful antigravity ray. Tania attempted to get Hughes to demonstrate the device outside the laboratory where she could contrive to steal it. Weighing the worth of the device over her cover, she made a rash decision. Gassing Hughes with a tricked out cigarette case, she took the anti-gravity device and fled the Hughes Tool. Facility. She soon discovered that the anti-gravity device was a sham. Hughes had rigged a remote control device to make several objects in his laboratory appear to become weightless. This device had been a ploy to see how she would react, although even Hughes was surprised that she gassed him.[28]

 

 Tania realized that her decision had blown her cover and fled to a safe house where she kept tabs on Hughes through various microphones she had planted in his home and factories. She realized that unless she found a way to redeem herself any voluntary return to Mother Russia was out of the question, she would be disgraced and cashiered from the KGB. After this she would then be fated to a career of hard labor, or possibly imprisoned and sentenced to hard labor. There was the remote possibility that she might even be condemned as a traitor.

 

In her surveillance of Hughes she had noticed someone stalking Hughes. It was one of the costumed vigilantes that seemed to pop up every now and then in America. This was a young man in an outlandish outfit a purple cuirass, purple chainmail legging with black books, purple hauberk and a purple domino mask.  He had with him a quiver of arrows and a longbow. Lurking on the roofs of buildings or hidden in various locations along Hughes route to work or outside his apartment the purple archer would take aim at Hughes car or at Hughes himself. This went on for a few days and Tania realized that the young archer was mapping out Hughes’ various routes to and from his apartment.

 

She decided to keep closer watch on the archer, thinking that a grievance against Hughes could be used to her advantage. Fate dealt her an opportunity in a melodramatic twist. Tania saw the young archer stop a jewelry robbery. He shot a blunted arrow at a gunman outside of a jewelry story. The police arrived on the scene almost immediately. The young archer was accused of being an accomplice of the robber. The archer had mistakenly shot the jewelry store owner who had been holding a gun on a burglar while waiting for the police to arrive. Shooting an arrow that released a cloud of black smoke, the archer fled the scene. Tania drove up next to him and told him to get into her car.

 

Tania took the young archer to her safe house. On the way she engaged him in conversation hinting that they might have a mutual enemy, telling him she had observed him watching Hughes. A combination of genuine interest and flirtation made the archer tell her his story. He was named Roy Harper and had once been the CEO of Queen Industries. However a combine of rich men, one of whom had been Hughes, had bilked him out of his company and his fortune. He had been reduced to eking out a living working as an archer at a carnival sideshow, using the stage name of Hawkeye, borrowed from the great frontiersman, Natty Bumppo. Hughes had visited the carnival and used his wealth and privilege to have several rides shut down so that he could have a private ride. This had cut into the money that Hawkeye would have earned that night. That Hughes continued to interfere with his livelihood infuriated Hawkeye. Forsaking his carnie frontiersman outfit he had come up with a costume so outlandish that people could not help but notice it.

 

He made certain he was seen so that Hughes would be aware of his existence. However the archer’s plans beyond that point were rather vague. He was either going to threaten Hughes into giving him cash by demonstrating that the bowman could find and get to Hughes no matter where he went or he was going to goad Hughes into sending out his bodyguard Iron Man. Once Hawkeye defeated Iron Man, he would either threaten Hughes into giving him the position of bodyguard or threaten him with harm unless he paid him some cash.[29]

 

 Tania tried to convince Harper that a better plan would be to sabotage Hughes manufacturing facility and steal the Iron Man technology selling it to various interested parties. Harper was however a stubborn young man and it took a great deal of persuasion via seduction to sway him away from his suicidal attack. She allowed him access to “Boris” laboratory where he could make improvements on his trick arrows. He accepted her explanation that she rented the house from a retired eccentric scientist and so that is why such an elaborate set up was in her home.

 

However she did not divulge to him her espionage activities for the Soviet Union.  Equipped with information from the Tania, Harper broke into the Hughes Tool facility where the Iron Man suits were manufactured. In a short battle with Iron Man Harper was able to disable the man in the armor suit with some trick arrows and escape with some pieces of the suit and some schematics. After leaving the factory Harper traveled to a small harbor near the factory. Iron Man caught up with him however and they had a short battle in which Iron Man defeated Hawkeye by throwing him in the ocean. Hawkeye lost the armor and schematics in the water. Tania ran up to assist Harper. Unwilling to disappoint Tania Harper used a “demolition arrow” an arrow tipped with a high explosive. This disabled Iron Man’s armor but the backblast and shrapnel also hurt Tania, knocking her unconscious. While Iron Man lay unconscious[30] Harper picked up the stunned Tania and escaped in the boat she had waiting.

 

As Tania recovered from her injuries and Harper from his wounded pride, they made a pact to go after Hughes and the Iron Man suit once more. According to Tales of Suspense 60 (December 1964) Multimillionaire Tony Stark disappeared and Iron Man was suspected in his disappearance. The real story according to the comic book version was that Stark could not remove his Iron Man suit for fear that the chest plate that kept his heart pumping would cease functioning. As with most comic book heroes, Tony Stark sacrificed his personal life for the sake of his secret identity. While Iron Man was out of the picture Hawkeye and the Black Widow planned to once more raid Stark Industries for the suit and its schematics.

 

The truth is a bit more mundane. Howard Hughes had pulled one of his infamous disappearing stunts. Because of his connection to the Iron Man project and other secret projects, Iron Man, that is the two remaining wearers of the Iron Man armor were dispatched to find him. Harper broke into the Hughes Tool factory but found that with Hughes’ disappearance that the Iron Man project had been moved a more secure, undisclosed location. Tighter security had also been placed at all of the Hughes facilities. Harper found himself trapped and had to take one of the secretaries as a hostage. Iron Man arrived to take Harper into custody. Once again Harper used his trick arrows to escape from Iron Man.[31]

 

When Harper returned to the house he shared with Tania he found her gone. As in Tales of Suspense 60 relates as Tania left to meet Harper at their rendezvous point, she was taken into custody by members of the KGB who escorted her back to the Soviet Union. In view of her failures in the United States, Tania was offered a choice, either face imprisonment and exile or take part in an experiment designed to make her a superlative espionage agent. To further persuade her, she was told that her activities abroad and her imprisonment would become public knowledge and thus bring shame upon her family.[32]

 

Tania underwent the experimental treatment, which was based on Project Rebirth the super soldier program from the United States that had created Captain America. Blood samples from Captain America had been saved and thoroughly tested by German scientists who had gone to work for the Soviet Union after the war.[33] She was given a couple months of intensive training and then equipped with a costume that the Soviets hoped would make her fit in with other costumed vigilantes in the United States. They adapted her code name the Black Widow to create a costume with abilities like a spider, in essence recreating and modifying the work of Peter Parker’s Spider costume. Her costume was a combination of a black mask, black fishnet stocking arms and legs and a black low cut corset.

Once her training was complete she was once again returned to the United States with the express mission of obtaining the Iron Man suit technology, sabotaging the American’s ability to make Iron Man technology and if possible to capture the creator of the Iron Man technology Howard Hughes.[34]  She once again looked up Harper and seduced him into helping her. She fed him a story about not feeling worthy of his abilities and so had created a suit to become his partner. This time Harper and Tania stopped Hughes’ car as it drove through Long Island. They soon discovered that the car contained Noah Dietrich rather than Hughes.[35] They held Dietrich for ransom demanding that Iron Man come alone and bring with him the plans for the suit. The exchange was to take place at Railroad yards three miles from the Bay. To Harper’s surprised dismay several Soviet agents accompanied Tania and Harper. He had learned finally that Tania was a Soviet agent rather than an industrial spy. Instead of Iron Man, Hughes came to the exchange alone. He gave the Soviets the plans for the Iron Man suit. As they were being examined the plans burst into flame and gave off a pungent smoke that was also a tear gas. Hughes made his escape and Iron Man showed up almost immediately. With the Soviet henchmen unconscious, Tania and Harper were forced to fight Iron Man. After Iron Man disabled Harper, Tania shoved a handrail cart at Iron Man knocking him off balance. Although hit in several places by acid arrows, Iron Man managed to maneuver enough so that he avoided a shock arrow which instead hit Tania. Harper abandoned all idea of capturing Iron Man when this happened and ran to Tania. He grabbed her and put her into their escape car and mades his getaway while Iron Man freed Dietrich. [36]

 

In Avengers 16 (May 1965) Hawkeye decides to join the Avengers. He breaks into the Avengers Mansion, ties up Jarvis the butler and then tells the Avengers, Iron Man, Giant Man and the Wasp that he has decided to turn over a new leaf. He tells them that after their last attempt to get the Iron Man armor the Black Widow had turned her back on the Soviet Union. In retaliation they killed her. Upon finding her body, Hawkeye had vowed to make amends. The Avengers accept his story and vote him in. They also accept the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver who had previously been known as mutant terrorists working with Magneto. In Avengers 29 (June 1966) it is revealed that the Black Widow was not dead but had been lent to the Red Chinese who brainwashed her. Although sent to destroy t he Avengers she overcame her brainwashing and helped them. She became an agent of SHIELD and during this time adopted the skintight black leather outfit that would become her signature trademark. She would also stop wearing a mask.

 

Most of the above paragraph does not reflect reality.  As with most comic book depictions of organization of costumed vigilantes The Avengers did not exist as an organization except as part of the CIALD costumed vigilante division. Like the Justice League of America, the Avengers counterparts in DC Comics, the comic book adventures were most often fabrications, although sometimes wild exaggerations of real events. It defies belief that after attempting several thefts, after several incidents of assault, sabotage, espionage, extortion and at least one kidnapping that someone like Hawkeye would be allowed to remain free on bail, let alone join a highly visible team of heroes merely on a verbal vow to reform. The same thing could be said for the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver, even if they had not been incarcerated in the United States as terrorists, they certainly would have been deported as undesirable aliens. Just like DC Comics Marvel Comics used the casual and infrequent partnerships of various costumed vigilantes, often under the aegis of CIALD to create elaborate tales of super teams fighting against supervillains or cosmic threats. Because Hawkeye proved to be a popular character Marvel Comics added him to the roster of one of their fictional super teams, and like DC drew upon the early, brash attitude of Harper during the early days of his stint as Green Arrow back in the late fifties for their bowman’s characterization. The addition of the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver was however something entirely different and had to do with depicting their stint with Task Force X a.k.a the Suicide Squad.

 

The truth of what happened after Harper and the wounded Tania fled from the kidnapping scene is not as pretty a tale. Harper drove Tania back to her safehouse but was unable to revive her. She remained in a coma. Believing that she was dead, Harper left her on the bed and fled. Believing that he would be sought not only by the US authorities but also by the Soviets he adopted a different name and forwent using the bow for a while. He fell back on his hobby of photography as a profession using the name William King, which was a variation on his Ollie Queen name.  His skills were rusty and at first all he could get were jobs shooting models for men's entertainment magazines of the under the counter variety. His guilt over the death of Tania increased his drinking and led him to abuse other substances. They met Ken Kesey and as William King, Harper became part of Kesey's entourage at his house in Big Sur and was among the people who got on the bus Furthur. Willie King was one of the cameramen who shot the forty-five hour film epic, Merry Pranksters in Search of the Cool Place.  While they were with the Merry Pranksters Athena and William King met Myron Victor. This would lead to them becoming part of Myron's street theatre improvisational freak out performance artist troupe known as The Inferior Five. This groups antics were experienced through a mad rushing delirium fueled by unregulated and constant doses of Dexedrine, Cocaine, psilocybin, LSD, mescaline, marijuana and alcohol.

“William King” spent a two year period 1965-1967 working part time as a photographer and hanging out in chemically induced delirium with the other members of the I-5. After a while, everyone went their own way, to do their own thing. William King drifted deeper into drug addiction. He became hooked on crank and Speedy became his nickname again for a different reason. To cool out from the crank he began skin popping heroin, then became a full mainlining junkie. It would take a few years for Harper to finally kick the habit and once more become a functioning, member of society.

Had Tania not been a recipient of the super solider serum, it is quite likely that she would have died from the shock arrow that had been designed to short out the Iron Man suit’s electrical supply. She was found by a Soviet controller who ascertained that she was still alive although in a comatose state. Smuggled back to the Soviet Union was given the best care that Soviet medicine could provide despite her constant failures as an espionage agent. The reason for her receiving this treatment was primarily because she was pregnant. The doctors in the Super Soldier program wanted to see how if the child would retain elements of the super soldier serum. Tania’s superiors also wanted the pregnancy carried to term because it was decided that a fitting punishment could be laid upon Tania for her repeated failures.

Tania awoke from her comatose state when she went into labor. She was able to hold her beautiful blond haired infant daughter for scant moments before the infant was taken from her arms. The child was placed with foster parents and Tania was never allowed to see her child again.[37] Almost immediately after giving birth Tania was sentenced to four years of hard labor in Siberia where she underwent intensive indoctrination. After successfully completing her rehabilitation program this she was offered a position at a training facility for KGB agents. This facility specialized in martial arts and sexual seduction. Tania’s most promising student was Anya Amasova, Agent Triple X.[38]

Although it was a state secret, although a poorly kept one, Tania would learn that her younger sister, Natalia, when confronted about the shame that Tania had brought to the family, had volunteered to undergo the super soldier treatment. Sent to the United States she eventually defected and went to work for the United States government. Unlike Tania however her disloyalty could not be blamed on misguided notions of romance and love but rather on ideological political heresy and seduction by capitalist society. It was her exploits as the red headed Black Widow that were depicted in Marvel comics after 1968. Since Marvel Comics had already given the Black Widow the name of Natasha as a part of the Boris and Natasha joke, they continued to call her Natasha. It was only a convenient coincidence that the second Black Widow’s name was so similar their fictitious Black Widow.

 

 

SECRET HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS

© 2002 Dennis Power



[1] Grant is unable to control his urge to kill at the full moon and during his time in the British Army had to sneak out each night of the full moon and drink to unconsciousness so that he would not kill and expose himself to the authorities. In addition to the uncontrollable monthly compulsion to kill, Grant is also described as having a thick pelt of hair that covered his back and ended in a small golden tail. Although he was handsome and had a very developed muscular form, a perfect body as his masseuse termed it, she was more repelled by him than attracted to him. Grant’s German father may have had a strain of lycanthropy in him and the circus that he traveled with may have been a remnant of The Circus of the Nights (Vampire Circus Hammer Studios 1971). Grant was not a were-wolf, that is not a shape shifter but a lycanthrope, “A lycanthrope is a natural channel for a spirit of rage. A lycanthrope turns into a beast, but only inside his head. The spirit takes over. It affects the way he acts and thinks, makes him more aggressive, stronger. They also tend to be very resistant to pain or injury, sickness; they heal rapidly-all sorts of things” Butcher, Jim Fool Moon, Roc 2001 p?

[2] It is doubtful that this incident truly took place. This was the film maker’s way of introducing the character of Red Grant in a rather dramatic fashion that demonstrated the essence of the man without going to the biographical detail that Ian Fleming was able to do in the novel.

[3] Was Blofeld a cat fancier as portrayed in the film series? In Fleming’s novels, specifically the Blofeld trilogy (Thunderball, On Her Majesty’s Secret Service and You Only Live Twice) there is scant mention of any feline companionship. It also seems out of character for Blofeld to be a cat fancier given other aspects of his personality. However he did have a deep romantic relationship with Irma Blunt so it is not beyond the possibility that Blofeld liked cats. As the saying goes even Hitler liked dogs. There is also the possibility that the cat could have also been one of Blofeld’s tools. Holding the cat and stroking it would have made him seem less threatening and so make his underlings less likely to be on their guard around him, allowing Blofeld to more easily read them. Also if the cat were given access to roam about it could have been an effective spying device. A small microphone attached to the cat’s collar could have relayed any unguarded conversations by underlings who talked freely in front of the cat, directly into Blofeld ear. Although the cat may had been a device by the film producers to provide a sense of continuity between the various incarnations of Blofeld, this does not mean that Blofeld did not actually have a cat.

[4] In the novel the cryptography machine was called SPEKTOR in the film it was changed to avoid confusion with the group SPECTRE which also took an active role in the film version. SPECTRE was not a presence in the novel version.  The real name of the decoder seems to have been LEKTOR however. Fleming knew about SPECTRE and its involvement in this incident but could not reveal it just as he could not do in the “Diamonds are Forever” incident however he inserted a reference to that organization by naming the ghost town owned by Seriffimo Spang as Specterville.

[5] The film reveals certain facts that MI6 had not wanted to reveal when Fleming first wrote and published From Russia With Love, specifically that Rosa Klebb and Kronsteen were double agents working for both SMERSH and SPECTRE. The main reason for not disclosing this information in the novel seems to have been that MI6 was uncertain how pervasive was the infiltration of SMERSH by SPECTRE . There was also the possibility that Russian intelligence seemed unaware of this infiltration and MI6 hoped to use this to their advantage by turning the double agents into triple agents or by exposing Russia’s serious intelligence failure.

The meeting on the Yacht between Blofeld and Klebb probably did happen while they were both in Vienna, Kronsteen attending the International Chessmasters Competition and Klebb attending to a “diplomatic” mission. However Kronsteen was not pulled from the meet nor did Klebb “defect” from SMERSH to join SPECTRE. Her high status in SMERSH was why she was so valuable asset for SPECTRE. 

The film version has James Bond on SPECTRE’s list of enemies for having eliminated Dr. No, purportedly their agent. Since Dr. No had a background in organized crime prior to working for the Communists, No may have been one of their agents, however Bond had yet to encounter him. Bond was instrumental in shutting down the Spang diamond smuggling ring, which may have had ties to SPECTRE.  As mentioned earlier Bond was on the enemies of SMERSH for having eliminated Le Chiffre, Drax, and Mr. Big. The main reason Dr. No was mentioned in the film and no others was because according the film series continuity Dr. No was the only villain Bond had gone up against. It is very likely that at this time Bond as individual had not registered on SPECTRE’s radar, blaming the failure of the diamond operation on local authorities.  SPECTRE’s goal was to obtain the LEKTOR.  It suited SPECTRE’s purpose to let SMERSH enact and carry out the specifics of the plan. Bond was chosen by SMERSH.

[6] Tatiana Romanova was born in 1931 making her twenty-four in 1955. Distantly related to the former ruling family, she had trained as ballet dancer before growing one inch above the prescribed limit of five feet six. Unable to become a ballet dancer she had pursued a career in languages, attending the Institute of Foreign Languages. After school she became a clerk at the English Translation section of  the M.G. B. She translated her skills at ballet into figure skating becoming first on the women’s Dynamo team. Tania Romanova was not overly ambitious and was content with her life. She reluctantly accepted the assignment to transfer to Istanbul and then to England.

[7] Since Rosa Klebb had not actually defected and was to all appearances carrying out a valid SMERSH operation, there would have been no real need for this sort secretive meetings with Tania Romanova.

[8] Spectre Island may be the same south Pacific island called Scorpia Island by Lee Falk in The Scorpia Menace and Hydra Island by Marvel Comics in the Captain Savage and His Leatherneck Raiders series and Strange Tales featuring Nick Fury, Agent of Shield. The Scorpia fortress on the the island had been destroyed by The Phantom in 1937, as detailed in The Scorpia Menace, and again by Captain Savage in 1943 as detailed in Captain Savage and his Leatherneck Raiders V1, No.4. Ernst Stravo Blofeld purchased the island from his father in law, William Luthor in the early fifties. After the downfall of Blofeld and the dismantling of SPECTRE following the Piz Gloria affair in 1962 (On Her Majesty’s Secret Service) Scorpia/Hydra absorbed much of the structure and personnel of SPECTRE. This included SPECTRE island which became the land based section of an artificial island called Hydra Island which was off shore of SPECTRE Island. Red Grant may have been taken to Spectre Island by Rosa Klebb and Kronsteen for his training as an “English gentleman” and probably believed it was a SMERSH operation. Had Grant been gone for so long without authorization SMERSH would have become concerned and investigated his whereabouts, further giving evidence that Rosa Klebb had not defected as stated in the film.

[9] The character of Sylvia Trench was purely a cinematic invention. She was supposed to have been Bond steady girlfriend through the series and would have eventually have wed him, taking the place of Tracy. However after two films this idea was dropped. When not involved in a steady relationship as with Tiffany or Tracy, Bond spent his leisure time with one of three married women with whom he had affairs, at least according to Fleming and Pearson. If Bond was involved with a woman when MI6 was trying to contact him, it was probably one of these three women.

[10] Despite their depiction as such in films and novels, Gypsies are anything but sexually permissive, so this addition by the film is most probably fictional.

[11] In the film version Kronsteen in Vienna for a Chess match and was summoned to Blofeld’s yacht where he met with Blofeld and Irma Blunt. This scene however was fictional in this context. The chess match that Kronsteen was summoned from was indeed in Moscow. The film’s scene helps to establish that Irma Blunt and Kronsteen did in fact work for SPECTRE. Their meeting with Blofeld however took place much earlier.

[12] For information on Tiffany’s Case’s post-Bond life please read The Invisibles: Frank Raymond and The Invisibles: Darien Fawkes

[13] As seen in the novel Diamonds Are Forever

[14] In the novel Tania simply made arrangements to meet with Bond at the train station on the following day after she had she had stolen the decoder. However it does stand to reason that she would have had to do more to prove her willingness to cooperate and to defect before the British Secret Service took the major step of aiding her to defect. The film also answers how Tania was able to leave the embassy with such a well guarded and highly prized piece of equipment. It does defy belief that she simply walked out of the embassy carrying a typewriter sized package and made it to the train station without arousing suspicions. While it is possible that the embassy could have been ordered to give Tania free reign, Klebb and Kronsteen must have realized that just letting Tania take the case should have aroused the suspicions of the British because of the ease in which she took the decoder. The novel excised this episode for two reasons. First to discredit the Russians by make it appear as thought their great plan was flawed and also because the British Secret Service was not yet ready to disclose how it had acquired the Lektor decoder.

[15] In the novel Bond and Tania went to a safe house in Belgrade and Bond made a phone call to M. M said he might send a man to help Bond. It seems more plausible that Kerim’s son met Bond at the train and they had a quick verbal exchange while the train was loading rather than Bond getting off of the train, traveling to a safe and either carrying the Lektor with him or leaving it on the train and putting through a phone call to London from within a Soviet bloc country and then returning to the train before it disembarked.

[16] In the novel Bond is met by agent Norman Nash in Trieste, which is on the border between Italy and Yugoslavia. Nash’s task is to help guard the Lektor on the rest of the trip to Paris. Yet one has to wonder why Nash was needed for this task since Bond had supposedly traveled from Belgrade to Trieste, which was almost entirely across the length of the Soviet bloc nation of Yugoslavia without any additional aide. It seems to make more sense for an agent to have joined Bond at the next major stop in Yugoslavia, which was Zagreb, to help guard the Lektor, as stated in the book, and also to help Bond get the Lektor across the border at Trieste, as stated in the film. Darko Kerim had arranged an escape route for Bond to avoid the customs inspections at Trieste but for security reasons had not disclosed it to Bond, not trusting Tania as much as Bond did. When Kerim had been killed so had that plan. The novel’s purpose in having Grant alias Nash join Bond in Trieste and be killed somewhere in Italy was to conceal the British Secret Service’s involvement in the tragic sea fire off the coast of Trieste.

[17] In the film Nash discloses much of the same information but does not seem to know what SMERSH is, allowing Bond to deduce that this was a SPECTRE operation. In fact however neither Grant nor Bond knew of the existence of SPECTRE and SPECTRE’s involvement in this affair was not known until after the fact. British Intelligence and various other intelligence agencies of the world knew of the existence of SPECTRE in the early fifties and suspected its involvement in various acts of terrorism, espionage, crime and assassination but did not know how vast the organization was or how global in nature was its operations. So long as SPECTRE did not directly conflict with their interests the British Secret Service and United States Intelligence agencies were content to let it operate as a combination buffer organization and also an organization through which black operations could be discreetly purchased and give them plausible deniability. Although SPECTRE’s involvement in the Spang diamond smuggling operation, in the Lektor operation and possibly in the Dr. No and Goldfinger incidents, there was no compelling evidence to support this suspicions. It was not until SPECTRE’s blatant extortion during the Thunderball incident that compelled the intelligence agencies to terminate the organization with prejudice.

[18] In the novel when Bond had regained consciousness Nash shot Bond’s wristwatch crystal demonstrating his accuracy with the gun. When it came time for Grant to kill Bond gambled on Nash’s marksmanship, allowing Grant to shoot him in the chest after Bond had secretly covered his heart with a book and a gold cigarette case. While this makes for thrilling reading, this seems like an unnecessarily risky gambit and it is doubtful that Bond would have allowed Grant the chance to take a shot at him unless entirely unavoidable. This is one of the more melodramatic embellishments that Bond disliked in Fleming’s versions of his cases.

[19] In the film there is a chase sequence that takes place right after Bond and Tania board the truck. They are chased by a helicopter which Bond manages to evade and also bring down with a shot from his sniper rifle. Grant body would have had to have been discovered immediately and a helicopter dispatched at once for this to have happened. This incident should probably be regarded as pure cinematic embellishment.

[20] Grant’s body was discovered by the time that Bond and Tania had been driven to Grant’s disembarkation point. An assault team was dispatched to retrieve the Lektor. Morzeny Gogol headed this team. Kronsteen and Klebb were enroute to Vienna where they were supposed to meet with Grant and get the Lektor. They were however ordered to go to Blofeld’s yacht instead. Although the film has the meeting with Blofeld occurring before the assault team attacks Bond, and has Morzeny as the one who attacks Bond, these events probably happened concurrently with Blofeld personally dispatching Kronsteen. Bond and Tania believe that the men chasing them are agents of SMERSH.

[21] The book makes no mention of this incident and the film has Rosa Klebb posing as the hotel maid. The actual killer was a SMERSH agent ordered to kill Bond by Rosa Klebb. It is unlikely that Klebb reported this failure to Blofeld and decided to get the Lektor and kill Bond herself.

[22] In the opening sequence of the novel Doctor No, M is cold and dismissive towards Bond, still angry at how Bond had let himself be stabbed by Rosa Klebb.  Pearson accounts to this to a growing jealousy of Bond by M. Even if this is true, the fact that Bond had tried to capture a valuable prize such a Rosa Klebb on his own rather than use all available resources to ensure the safe capture of Klebb certainly gave M a certain justification for his anger. Especially because since Klebb had not been captured by overwhelming forces, she ended up dead and so the prize was lost.  Adding fuel to the fire was the fact that Bond had mixed such an important mission with a quixotic quest to rescue a damsel in distress, a damsel that was an agent for the other side. One might see why M felt that Bond had screwed up.

[23] According some accounts Tatiana Romanova may have married a fellow agent during this time. Master of Kung Fu V1, No. 106 Dec 1981 introduced a character named Dark Angel who was one of Russia’s premier assassins who was defecting the West. The Dark Angel’s father was also seen in this issue but he had informed the Soviet’s about the Dark Angel’s defection. When the Dark Angel meets Clive Reston, the illegitimate son of James Bond (see The James Bond Chronology and Genealogy for more details) he says, “I Believe my father knew your mother, From Russia With Love and all that.” The implication here is that the Dark Angel is Tatiana Romanova’s daughter. Yet Dark Angel is a mature woman in her late twenties to mid-thirties. Tatiana Romanova did not have any children prior to From Russia With Love so if she had any their births must have occurred afterwards. Pearson states that she went to Australia. Fleming hinted she went to Canada. Even so it probably would have been late 1956 or early 1957 at the earliest that she could have had a child. That the Dark Angel was James Bond’a child is precluded by the fact that Clive Reston and she embarked on a romantic relationship. Even if MOKF #107-109 occurred in 1982 (which I reserve judgment on because that would mean that it had to occur after it was published since 106 took place in Dec 1981 -would think there is at least a six month lag between publishing and occurrence, especially since comics come out several months earlier than their publishing date) Dark Angel would be about 25 at the oldest. Prior to forming a romantic relationship with Dark Angel, Clive Reston had a relationship with Melissa Greville, who was Sir Denis Nayland’s personal secretary. Miss Greville was herself in her early to mid-twenties and she cattily refers to Dark Angel as a mature woman because she has graying hair. Even is Greville was only being catty and Dark Angel had a youthful appearance despite prematurely graying hair she seems much older than her twenties and had a long career with the Russians before defecting. Although her actual age, like her real name, is never disclosed realistically we can speculate that she was comparable to Clive Reston in age, being born around 1947, ruling out Tatiana Romanova as her mother.

Even though Tatiana was not the mother of  “Dark Angel” it does not mean she could not have been married at this time. However this may have been because of her chosen code name, Black Widow. There are those who may object to the idea that Tatiana Romanova was also the Russian espionage agent called The Black Widow simply on the grounds of hair coloring. In the novel From Russia With Love, Tania’s hair color is described as light brown, in the film version she was a blonde. In the Black Widow’s first appearances in the comics her hair coloring alternates between brown, red and black. Either she wore wigs or dyed her hair a lot. It should also be remembered that Tatiania’s biographical details often become confused with the second agent to bear that name, her younger sister Natalia.

[24] The names given to the Black Widow and her bodyguard in Tales of Suspense 52, Boris and Natasha were a bit of a joke on the part of writer Stan Lee, as a humorous reference to the inept spies Boris and Natasha on the then popular Bullwinkle show.

[25] In the comic book version of the story Tales of Suspense 52 (April 1964)  where Tania is first seen as “The Black Widow” she breezes into Stark International. Stark is so entranced by her beauty that he immediately takes her on a tour and gives her “brother” unlimited access to the plant. This is of course ludicrous, Hughes would not have given Tania access without thorough background search, which shows her cover must have been very tight. Her bodyguard would not have been given access at all.

[26] Anton Vanko had created the prototype of the Soviet Iron Man suit which was powered by devices that channeled the electromagnetic force. Vanko would not allow anyone else access to his creations and so was challenged by Nikita Khrushchev to destroy the Iron Man project in the United States. He had started by sabotaging and destroying several Hughes facilities but suddenly stopped his operations. He was believed to have been killed by Iron Man. The Kremlin was shocked by his apparent defection since he had been a loyal citizen of the Soviet Union. They did not know that Hughes in concert with the Central Intelligence Agency provided falsified evidence to Vanko that demonstrated to Vanko  that he was to be killed upon his return to the Soviet Union.

[27] Although it was widely rumored it was not established as a fact until after Hughes death that there was more than one Iron Man. Although Hughes, by virtue of owning the company that created the Iron Man suits, always had use of the latest and most advanced versions of the suit, there existed a small corps of men who used the older models of the suits. Generally they were designated to provide extra security at Hughes installations but were also loaned to the US military and US intelligence agencies. Once of these men was the Iron Men who initially fought against “Boris” in the Crimson Dynamo suit. At the time of this attack Hughes was on a “date” with Tania Romanova. Although he was severely wounded the substitute Iron Man managed to free Anton Vanko before succumbing to his injuries. The Iron Man who fought against Boris on his second attack on the Hughes plant was Hughes in the prime Iron Man suit.

[28] The portrayal of this incident in Tales of Suspense 53  (May 1964) shows Stark (Hughes) actually having created an anti-gravity device. The Black Widow gassed Stark and stole the antigravity device. At the personal orders of Khrushchev she used the device to attack Stark Industries, attempted to dispose of Iron Man and steal the gold out of Fort Knox. In a large drawn out battle that involved not only Iron Man but also tanks from the United States Army, the Black Widow and her henchmen were defeated. The Black Widow escaped with the antigravity device that fortunately had been rendered useless by Iron Man’s proton beam. However Stark could not remember how he had created the anti-gravity device, so unfortunately the Western Powers never obtained use of it.  As with many incidents portrayed in comic books it was almost entirely an embellishment based on a real but rather mundane event. The attack on Fort Knox was probably a topical reference to the film Goldfinger which was currently in theaters.

[29] Part of Harper’s vague planning may have been due to his life long battle with addictive substances. In this particular period he was drinking heavily.

[30] It seems likely that Harper actually fought two of the Iron Men, neither of who was Hughes.

[31] The comic book version has Harper using a suction arrow to latch onto a low flying jet, which carried him out of the factory and to safety. However this is almost certainly hyperbole. It was never disclosed how Harper once again escaped, mainly because Hughes and the US government did not want it known for reasons of National security. Harper would claim that he simply discarded his outfit and dressed in a worker’s jumpsuit simply walked out of the facility during all the confusion.

[32] In Tales of Suspense 64 (April 1965) the Russian hold her family hostage unless she agrees to participate in the experiment. This was a slight exaggeration of the real events.

[33] The exact provenance and experimental line of creation for the super soldier serum is deliberately clouded with conflicting stories. Some accounts indicate the formula derived from early experiments from Germany with experiments deriving from the work of Dr. Moreau who attempted to create super soldiers for Germany during WWI. Other accounts seem to indicate that the serum was derived from blood samples obtained from either a Captain Hugo Danner or Captain Bingham Harvard during WWI. Even creator of the formula in the United States is debated. Some claim that it was a Dr. Erskine that created the formula that gave Steve Rogers his formidable abilities, other state that it was a Jewish refugee named Dr. Reinstein. There are also some accounts that claim that prior to giving the formula to white soldiers that experimental batches of the serum were tested on African-American soldiers until the fatal or malforming side effects were eradicated. It should be noted that a Nazi scientist named Dr. Hans Glau had experimented with steroids on pregnant women in concentration camps and after the war worked with the Soviet’s on their athletics program. It is quite likely that he continued his experiments in the Soviet Union and that part of it was incorporated into the Soviet Super Soldier program.

[34] As is seen by the Crimson Dynamo, the Titanium Man, the Black Widow, the Mandarin and other agents of the Soviet Union and various other agents of Foreign Powers that as a propaganda tool the Iron Man project was successful at diverting efforts of the Soviet Union. The Iron Man suits were extremely expensive to create, their “advanced” weaponry was mostly hocus pocus, they broke down frequently, the suits were only effective for a short time due to their vast expenditures of energy (often depicted in the early comics) and they were designed by a great number of people, although Hughes usually was credited as their creators. The latter was a combination of Hughes’ patriotism of deliberately making himself a target of the Soviets but there was a good deal of egoism in it as well, because Hughes knew that if it were reported often enough, that story would be believed.

[35] In the comic book version the car contained Stark’s chauffeur Happy Hogan and Stark’s secretary Pepper Potts.

[36] A substantially altered version of this account appears in Tales of Suspense 64 (April 1965)

[37] A family named Belova fostered this child named Elena. She was the third and only truly “loyal” person to carry the Black Widow designation.

[38] For more information please see The Spy Who Loved Me  (United Artists 1977) and also read the article in this series.